This tutorial outlines the basic installation process for installing MongoDB on Ubuntu and Debian Linux systems. This tutorial uses .deb packages as the basis of the installation. 10gen publishes packages of the MongoDB releases as .deb packages for easy installation and management for users of Debian systems. While some of these distributions include their own MongoDB packages, the 10gen packages are generally more up to date.
This tutorial includes: an overview of the available packages, instructions for configuring the package manager, the process install packages from the 10gen repository, and preliminary MongoDB configuration and operation.
See also
The documentation of following related processes and concepts.
Other installation tutorials:
The 10gen repository contains two packages:
mongodb-10gen
This package contains the latest stable release. Use this for production deployments.
mongodb18-10gen
This package contains the previous stable release.
You cannot install these packages concurrently with each other or with the mongodb package that your release of Debian or Ubuntu may include.
The Debian/Ubuntu package management tool (i.e. dpkg and apt) ensure package consistency and authenticity by requring that distributors sign packages with GPG keys. Issue the following command to import the 10gen public GPG Key:
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv 7F0CEB10
Create a the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/10gen.list file and include the following line for the 10gen repository.
If you use an Ubuntu version with “Upstart” (i.e. any since version 9.10 “Karmic,”) or are running with Upstart on Debian, use the following line:
deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart dist 10gen
If you are using Debian or Ubuntu that uses SysV style init process, use the following line:
deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/debian-sysvinit dist 10gen
Now issue the following command to reload your repository:
sudo apt-get update
Issue the following command to install the latest stable version of MongoDB:
sudo apt-get install mongodb-10gen
When this command completes, you have successfully installed MongoDB! Continue for configuration and start-up suggestions.
These packages configure MongoDB using the /etc/mongodb.conf file in conjunction with the control script. For Upstart-based systems, find the control script is at /etc/init/mongodb.conf. For all other systems you can find the control script at /etc/init.d/mongodb.
This MongoDB instance will store its data files in the /var/lib/mongodb and its log files in /var/log/mongodb, and run using the mongodb user account.
Note
If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, you will need to modify the access control rights to the /var/lib/mongodb and /var/log/mongodb directories.
Upstart users can start the mongod process by issuing the following command:
sudo service mongodb start
All other users can issue the following command to start mongod:
sudo /etc/init.d/mongodb start
You can verify that mongod has started successfully by checking the contents of the log file at /var/log/mongodb/mongodb.log.
Upstart users can stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:
sudo service mongodb stop
All other users can issue the following command to stop mongod:
sudo /etc/init.d/mongodb stop
Upstart users can restart the mongod process by issuing the following command:
sudo service mongodb restart
All other users can issue the following command to restart mongod:
sudo /etc/init.d/mongodb restart
As of the current release, there are no control scripts for mongos. mongos is only used in sharding deployments and typically do not run on the same systems where mongod runs. You can use the mongodb script referenced above to derive your own mongos control script.
Among the tools included with the MongoDB package, is the mongo shell. You can connect to your MongoDB instance by issuing the following command at the system prompt:
mongo
This will connect to the database running on the localhost interface by default. At the mongo prompt, issue the following two commands to insert a record in the “test” collection of the (default) “test” database.
> db.test.save( { a: 1 } )
> db.test.find()
See also
“mongo” and “JavaScript Interface“