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Typical Configuration Examples

Below are examples of external storage configurations as of Android 4.4 for various typical devices. Only the relevant portions of the configuration files are included.

Physical primary only (like Nexus One)

This is a typical configuration for a device with single external storage device which is a physical SD card.

The raw physical device must first be mounted under /mnt/media_rw where only the system and FUSE daemon can access it. vold will then manage the fuse_sdcard0 service when media is inserted/removed.

fstab.hardware

[physical device node]  auto  vfat  defaults  voldmanaged=sdcard0:auto,noemulatedsd

init.hardware.rc

on init
    mkdir /mnt/media_rw/sdcard0 0700 media_rw media_rw
    mkdir /storage/sdcard0 0700 root root

    export EXTERNAL_STORAGE /storage/sdcard0

service fuse_sdcard0 /system/bin/sdcard -u 1023 -g 1023 -d /mnt/media_rw/sdcard0 /storage/sdcard0
    class late_start
    disabled

storage_list.xml

<storage
    android:mountPoint="/storage/sdcard0"
    android:storageDescription="@string/storage_sd_card"
    android:removable="true"
    android:primary="true"
    android:maxFileSize="4096" />

Emulated primary only (like Nexus 4)

This is a typical configuration for a device with single external storage device which is backed by internal storage on the device.

init.hardware.rc

on init
    mkdir /mnt/shell/emulated 0700 shell shell
    mkdir /storage/emulated 0555 root root

    export EXTERNAL_STORAGE /storage/emulated/legacy
    export EMULATED_STORAGE_SOURCE /mnt/shell/emulated
    export EMULATED_STORAGE_TARGET /storage/emulated

on fs
    setprop ro.crypto.fuse_sdcard true

service sdcard /system/bin/sdcard -u 1023 -g 1023 -l /data/media /mnt/shell/emulated
    class late_start

storage_list.xml

<storage
    android:storageDescription="@string/storage_internal"
    android:emulated="true"
    android:mtpReserve="100" />

Emulated primary, physical secondary (like Xoom)

This is a typical configuration for a device with multiple external storage devices, where the primary device is backed by internal storage on the device, and where the secondary device is a physical SD card.

The raw physical device must first be mounted under /mnt/media_rw where only the system and FUSE daemon can access it. vold will then manage the fuse_sdcard1 service when media is inserted/removed.

fstab.hardware

[physical device node]  auto  vfat  defaults  voldmanaged=sdcard1:auto

init.hardware.rc

on init
    mkdir /mnt/shell/emulated 0700 shell shell
    mkdir /storage/emulated 0555 root root

    mkdir /mnt/media_rw/sdcard1 0700 media_rw media_rw
    mkdir /storage/sdcard1 0700 root root

    export EXTERNAL_STORAGE /storage/emulated/legacy
    export EMULATED_STORAGE_SOURCE /mnt/shell/emulated
    export EMULATED_STORAGE_TARGET /storage/emulated
    export SECONDARY_STORAGE /storage/sdcard1

on fs
    setprop ro.crypto.fuse_sdcard true

service sdcard /system/bin/sdcard -u 1023 -g 1023 -l /data/media /mnt/shell/emulated
    class late_start

service fuse_sdcard1 /system/bin/sdcard -u 1023 -g 1023 -w 1023 -d /mnt/media_rw/sdcard1 /storage/sdcard1
    class late_start
    disabled

storage_list.xml

<storage
    android:storageDescription="@string/storage_internal"
    android:emulated="true"
    android:mtpReserve="100" />
<storage
    android:mountPoint="/storage/sdcard1"
    android:storageDescription="@string/storage_sd_card"
    android:removable="true"
    android:maxFileSize="4096" />