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time - $^T : Special Variables « Language Basics « Perl
Perl
Language Basics
Special Variables
time - $^T
while
(<>) { $time = time - $^T; print
"You started this script $time seconds ago.\n"
; }
Related examples in the same category
1.
Special Literals
2.
Splitting up $_
3.
Splitting up $_ and creating an unnamed list
4.
The list separator is a comma
5.
The list separator is the empty string
6.
Passing Arguments at the Command Line
7.
Special Hashes: The %ENV Hash
8.
The %SIG hash sets signal handlers for signals.
9.
A program that changes the value of $/.
10.
A program that uses the $" (dollar and quotation) variable.
11.
A program that uses the $(dollar), variable.
12.
A program that uses the $< variable.
13.
A program that uses the $\(dollar and slash) variable.
14.
A simple program that assigns to $_ using
.
15.
A simple version of the cat command using $_.
16.
ARGV and the Null Filehandle
17.
ARGV in Perl represents the command-line arguments.
18.
Aliases and Values
19.
Alternative names for Perl system variables.
20.
Assign elements in @_ to scalar
21.
Assign string array to @ARGV by using qw
22.
Assign value to @_
23.
Build the ARGV array with qw function
24.
@_ has runtime scope.
25.
A more expanded version for showing how to use the $_
26.
Built-in variables: $_
27.
Call-by-Reference and the @_ Array
28.
Capturing fatal errors
29.
Catching the sigINT signal
30.
Code the $_ specifically
31.
Compare value entered with number with underscore
32.
Error message is stored in $!
33.
Extracts information from the $] variable.
34.
$! is the error number
35.
$! stores the error message
36.
$" is the separator
37.
$# is the default format
38.
$(dollar), is the separator
39.
$MATCH = $&
40.
$SIG{__DIE__}
41.
$SIG{__WARN__} = 'IGNORE';
42.
$SIG{__WARN__} = sub {die "Warning: $_[0]"};
43.
$\ is 'END_OF_OUTPUT'
44.
$^ is the format header
45.
$^O stores the name of the operating system
46.
$^S: is inside eval
47.
$^W: Check the '-w switch'
48.
$^X: get the Perl execuatable file name
49.
$_ for print function
50.
$_ stores the user input
51.
$~ is the format
52.
%INC values
53.
File-searching program using $ARGV.
54.
Get Computer Name key in the %ENV
55.
Get local time from $^T
56.
If $_contains needle, the string is printed.
57.
Integer signal
58.
Lines Remaining on the Page: $-
59.
List all command line argument
60.
Local builtin var
61.
Locate all numbers less than 6
62.
Manipuate @_ and return @_
63.
Mannually change the $1 variable
64.
Match: $&
65.
Perl 5 Built-In Variables
66.
Perl's modules reside in the directories named in the @INC array, or subdirectories
67.
Perl's special arrays
68.
Perl's special variables
69.
Postmatch $'
70.
Prematch: $`
71.
Print all command line argument
72.
Print the default variable's ($_) value
73.
Quick Sum
74.
Read and set environment variables?
75.
Read lines from supplied filenames
76.
Reference element in @_
77.
Resetting array base
78.
Retrieving the Entire Pattern: $&
79.
Saving in the $& special scalar
80.
Set the $/ and chomp
81.
Special Variables
82.
System variables that control how write sends output to a file
83.
Test of open and die with $!.
84.
The $_ Scalar Variable
85.
The @* field
86.
The @ISA Array and Calling Methods
87.
The Argument Vector @ARGV
88.
The Pattern-Matching Operator and $_
89.
The Substitution Operator and $_
90.
The code executes a line of code you type as long as that line doesn't start with a #
91.
The environment associative array: Associative arrays %ENV holds your system's environment variables.
92.
The following functions and operators work with the $_ variable by default:
93.
The shift operator returns an undefined value if the array has no more elements.
94.
To list all .pm files by using the @INC array
95.
Use while loop to display all entries in ENV
96.
Using $, to set the separator for print command
97.
Using $_ (dollar underscore)
98.
Using $_ as the array index
99.
Using $_ variable with while statement
100.
Using %SIG to define our own signal handlers
101.
Using @_ directly
102.
Using __LINE__ to output line number
103.
Using eof and <> together.
104.
Using the $. variable.
105.
Using the $;(dollar and semicolon) variable.
106.
Using the @_ to reference the parameter
107.
Using the Default Variable $_
108.
Using the diamond operator with @ARGV
109.
Using the if statement to check the command line parameters
110.
Using the special Perl variable $! in the message passed to die.
111.
Using tr to convert all file names passed in to uppercase
112.
Verify the total number of the command line parameter
113.
Working with $_ usually makes programming much easier, but more confusing to the uninitiated
114.
You display the current line of execution in a Perl script by referring to it with the __LINE__ token.
115.
You display the name of the current Perl package with __PACKAGE__.
116.
You display the name of the current file with the __FILE__ token
117.
foreach (@_)
118.
foreach loop and $_
119.
or die $!
120.
or die $^E;
121.
print "Hello, $ENV{USER}!\n";
122.
print $INC{'English.pm'};
123.
print $]; (Perl version number)
124.
print out all pm library location
125.
prints out each element of @ARGV separately
126.
shift: defaults to shifting @ARGV
127.
undef $/;