HTML
| Filename extension | .html, .htm |
|---|---|
| Internet media type | text/html |
| Type code | TEXT |
| Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | public.html |
| Developed by | World Wide Web Consortium & WHATWG |
| Type of format | Markup language |
| Extended from | SGML |
| Extended to | XHTML |
| Standard | ISO/IEC 15445 W3C HTML 4.01 W3C HTML 5 (draft) |
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language[1] for creating a webpage. Webpages are usually viewed in a web browser. They can include writing, links, pictures, and even sound and video. HTML is used to mark and describe each of these kinds of content so the web browser can display them correctly. HTML can also be used to add meta information to a webpage. Meta information is usually not shown by web browsers and is data about the web page, e.g., the name of the person who created the page. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is used to style HTML elements while JavaScript is used to manipulate HTML elements and CSS styles.
HTML was made by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). There are several versions of HTML. As of September 2018, the current standard of HTML is dubbed HTML 5 and is specifically at version 5.2.
Tags[change | change source]
HTML uses special bits of programming language called "tags" to let the browser know how a webpage should look. The tags usually come in pairs: an opening tag defines the start of a block of content and an ending tag defines the end of that block of content. There are many different kinds of tags, and each one has a different purpose. See Basic HTML Tags below for tag examples.
Some tags only work in certain browsers. For example, the <marquee> tag, which is used to make a bit of writing slide across the page, only works in the Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox browsers. Other browsers simply ignore this tag and display the writing normally. Many web page creators avoid using these "non-standard" tags because they want their pages to look the same with all browsers.
Example[change | change source]
Here is an example page in HTML.
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html>
3 <head>
4 <title>This is the title of the page.</title>
5 </head>
6 <body bgcolor="gray">
7 <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
8 <a href="https://www.domain.com">This is a link.</a>
9 <img src="image.jpg" alt="Image">
10 </body>
11 </html>
The simplest HTML page would be this.
1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html>
3 <p>Hello world!</p>
4 </html>
Basic HTML tags[change | change source]
| Tag name | Name | Function | Code Example |
|---|---|---|---|
<!DOCTYPE>
|
Doctype | Defines the Document type | <!DOCTYPE html>
|
<html>
|
HTML | Defines an HTML document | <html>All code</html>
|
<head>
|
Head | Contains any code that is not used to display elements on the webpage | <head></head>
|
<title>
|
Title | Defines the title of the webpage (shown on the tab) and is entered within the <head> | <title>Webpage</title>
|
<body>
|
Body | Contains the visible elements of the webpage | <body>Html tags</body>
|
<h1> to <h6>
|
Headings | Headings of various sizes (<h1> being the largest) | <h1>Heading</h1>
|
<p>
|
Paragraph | Defines a paragraph of text | <p>TEXT</p>
|
<a>
|
Anchor | Creates active links to other web pages | <a href="www.domain.com">Visit our site</a>
|
<img>
|
Image | Displays an image on the page | <img src="ImageUrl" alt="Text displayed if image is not available">
|
<br>
|
Break | Inserts a single line break | Text <br> Text
|
<center>
|
Center | Moves content to the center of the page | <center>Code</center>
|
<script>
|
Script | Creates a script in the webpage, usually written in JavaScript | <script>document.write("Hello World!")</script>
|
Other websites[change | change source]
- HTML Source: Beginner's HTML Tutorial - a site of tutorials aimed at web design advanced.
- HTML Dog is a site that helps new writers write good, simple HTML and make it look good with CSS.
- w3schools a site of web technologies tutorials
References[change | change source]
- ↑ "Why HTML is Not a Programming Language". Syracuse University. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
